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APA Style Guide

Library Research Guide A guide to help you with APA 7th edition

Interviews and Personal Communication

Personal communications such as interviews, emails, private letters and such are cited in the text of your paper, but not in your reference list.  Your reference list should only contain retrievable data.  If your reader will not be able to recover the source, do not included it in your reference list. 

Type In-Text Citation Reference
Personal communication - interview, letter, etc.

(K.D. Voyles, personal communication, October 13, 2017)

 Not included
Lecture notes not posted in D2L 

(T. Pac, personal communication, October 17, 2017)

 Not included
 
Lecture slides posted in D2L (Vaughan, 2019)

Vaughan, T. (2019). HUM 3013 Week 11: The Aegean I [PowerPoint slides]. D2L. https://learn.uco.edu/d2l/home